Graduation Rate for Grant Recipient is lower than that of Loan-only Recipient.
In the United States, there are various ways to finance college education. At the national level, there are Federal Pell grant and subsidized Stafford loan for needed students.
It is believed that with resources provided to help leveling the playground,needed students should have better chances to perform better. With the Graduation Rate survey component of the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) provides a possible measurement.
Beginning survey year 2016-17, the Graduation Rate survey includes measurements for students receiving Pell grant and Direct subsidized Stafford loan. The classification of students are based on the supports they received the first time they enrolled enrolled in the college. Even though, the data could not provide clear answer to questions, the results are worth pondering. Please referring to IPEDS survey description for a full description of the variables.
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The first look at the data is interesting. The first chart below shows the graduation rate for 4 year public institutions for each state with the x-axis represents the rate for the (Pell) Grant recipients and the y-axis represents the rate for (Direct Subsidized Stafford) loan-only recipients. Each point in the chart represents a state. One thing stand out is that, for almost all States, the loan-only rate is higher than grant-recipient rate.As explained my colleague and few articles on the internet, grants are usually went to the most needed students first. With the hardship level in mind, the differences in graduation rates may be explained.
The third chart below shows that same thing as the two above, except for 2 year public institutions.
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